Defining Sustainability

Defining sustainability can be challenging because it is a complex, interdisciplinary concept that extends beyond environmental concerns. It encompasses economic stability, social equity, and systemic design, all of which are deeply interconnected. This complexity means that solutions must be adaptable, as what is effective in one context may not be suitable in another.

The 1987 Brundtland Commission’s definition of sustainability is foundational because it introduced the concept of sustainable development—meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This definition emphasized the balance between economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity, framing sustainability as an interconnected, long-term goal rather than a singular environmental issue.

Beyond its influential definition of sustainable development, the Brundtland Commission led to several key global advancements in sustainability policy. It laid the groundwork for major international agreements, including the 1992 Earth Summit and the creation of Agenda 21, which set sustainability goals for governments worldwide. The commission also reinforced the need for interdisciplinary approaches, integrating environmental, economic, and social considerations into decision-making. Its legacy continues today, shaping frameworks like the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and driving conversations on equity, resilience, and long-term sustainability planning.

Dr. Christopher Boone’s definition of sustainability highlights the essential balance between human well-being, social equity, and environmental protection. Emphasizing both present and future generations reinforces the idea that sustainability is not just about immediate solutions but about creating long-term systems that support all aspects of life. His framing aligns with modern sustainability thinking, which integrates environmental stewardship with human and social dimensions rather than treating them as separate challenges.

During her time in the School of Sustainability, TSC founder Dr. Haley Penny was fortunate to learn from Dr. Boone and many other inspiring professors who challenged her to think critically about what sustainability truly means. Their interdisciplinary approach encouraged her to see sustainability as more than just environmental conservation—focusing on systems, relationships, and long-term impact.

One defining moment came during a community project where Haley worked with the Oakland A’s on urban sustainability education and zero waste initiatives. She realized that technical solutions alone weren’t enough; real progress happened through personal connections and supported one another in a journey toward sustainable living. This experience shaped her personal definition of sustainability—not just as a framework for environmental and social action but as a collective commitment to integrity, authenticity, and progress for future generations.